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Anticipatory Guidance: Tips for Working with Teens

Adolescence is one of the most dynamic periods of human development, accompanied by dramatic physical, cognitive, social, and emotional changes.

When working with teens:

  • Be sensitive to and respect the changes they are experiencing.

  • Develop a partnership with them.

  • Nurture self-assurance.

  • Encourage healthful choices.

  • Provide knowledge about how to meet challenges.

  • Understand that they will become increasingly independent over time.

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Pregnancy Prevention Education

Sexual activity during adolescence can have serious health consequences, including unintentional pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. PCPs have the opportunity to provide counseling on a one-to-one basis and are often trusted by teens as highly reliable sources of information.

 

Contraceptive Counseling

Teens must be informed about the options available to them before they consent to any form of contraception. When counseling teens about contraception, fully explain the benefits and risks of each of the following contraceptive methods as presented by the following resources:

  • Advocates for Youth. Data, reports, lesson plans, information about effective programs, and news and commentary about adolescent sexual and reproductive health for health professionals, educators, and advocates. Topics address abstinence, abortion, contraception, parent-child communication, sexuality education, and adolescent-pregnancy prevention.
  • Guttmacher Institute. Fact sheets, policy briefs, reports, articles, PowerPoint presentations, and news about adolescent sexuality, abortion, contraception, and pregnancy prevention. Some materials are available in Spanish and French.
  • National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy. An extensive set of resources about adolescent pregnancy prevention for health and education professionals, policymakers, faith communities, parents, adolescents, and the media. Resources include national data and state data; information about effective programs; reports; fact sheets; PowerPoint presentations; Spanish-language materials; posters; audiovisuals; and news and commentary. Topics include contraception, foster care, male involvement, parental involvement, the influence of media on adolescent sexual health, health reform, racial and ethnic differences, and faith and values.
  • Planned Parenthood. Information for teens, parents, and educators.


HIV Prevention Education

When providing HIV prevention education to teens, consider both the maturity level and sexual development of the teen and place strong emphasis on abstinence from sex and drugs.

 

HIV Risk Reduction Guidance for Sexually Active Teens

  • Abstain from sexual intercourse to prevent HIV infection.

  • Maintain a mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner.

  • Consistently use protective barriers during sex.

  • Use latex condoms with water-based lubricant (oil-based lubricants weaken condoms).

  • Use lubricants/spermicides containing nonoxynol-9.

 

HIV Risk Reduction Guidance for Drug-using Teens

  • Enter a drug treatment program.

  • Avoid sharing any drug-injecting paraphernalia.

  • Disinfect needles and syringes using household bleach (twice).

  • Draw bleach into syringe and expel (twice).

  • Beware of injection “works” sold as clean on the streets.

  • Use protective barriers (latex condoms) during sex.

 

  • For information and HIV/AIDS prevention materials for your office, call the HIV/AIDS Administration at (202) 727-2500.

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